Short Put Spread

A short put spread obligates you to buy the stock at strike price B if the option is assigned but gives you the right to sell stock at strike price A. A short put spread is an alternative to the short put. In addition to selling a put with strike B, you’re buying the cheaper put with strike A to limit your risk if the stock goes down. But there’s a tradeoff — buying the put also reduces the net credit received when running the strategy. One advantage of this strategy is that you want both options to expire worthless. If that happens, you won’t have to pay any commissions to get out of your position. You may wish to consider ensuring that strike B is around one standard deviation out-of-the-money at initiation. That will increase your probability of success. However, the further out-of-the-money the strike price is, the lower the net credit received will be from this spread. As a general rule of thumb, you may wish to consider running this strategy approximately 30-45 days from expiration to take advantage of accelerating time decay as expiration approaches. Of course, this depends on the underlying stock and market conditions such as implied volatility.

Buy a put, strike price A Sell a put, strike price B Generally, the stock will be above strike B NOTE: Both options have the same expiration month. Seasoned Veterans and higher   You're bullish. You may also be anticipating neutral activity if strike B is out-of-the-money. Strike B minus the net credit received when selling the spread. You want the stock to be at or above strike B at expiration, so both options will expire worthless. Potential profit is limited to the net credit you receive when you set up the strategy. Risk is limited to the difference between strike A and strike B, minus the net credit received. Margin requirement is the difference between the strike prices. NOTE: The net credit received when establishing the short put spread may be applied to the initial margin requirement. Keep in mind this requirement is on a per-unit basis. So don’t forget to multiply by the total number of units when you’re doing the math. For this strategy, the net effect of time decay is somewhat positive. It will erode the value of the option you sold (good) but it will also erode the value of the option you bought (bad). After the strategy is established, the effect of implied volatility depends on where the stock is relative to your strike prices. If your forecast was correct and the stock price is approaching or above strike B, you want implied volatility to decrease. That’s because it will decrease the value of both options, and ideally you want them to expire worthless. If your forecast was incorrect and the stock price is approaching or below strike A, you want implied volatility to increase for two reasons. First, it will increase the value of the near-the-money option you bought faster than the in-the-money option you sold, thereby decreasing the overall value of the spread. Second, it reflects an increased probability of a price swing (which will hopefully be to the upside).

Use the Profit + Loss Calculator to establish break-even points and evaluate how your strategy might change as expiration approaches, depending on the Greeks. Use the Technical Analysis Tool to look for bullish indicators. Use the Probability Calculator to verify that strike B is about one standard deviation out-of-the-money.